Mezapotamya Tarihi hakkindaki türkce yazilara bu adresten ulasabilirsiniz
Genel Mezapotamya Tarihi

History of Mesopotomia
Mesopotamia comes from the refers to the region now known as modern Iraq, and parts of eastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and southwest Iran. The toponymGreek words μέσος "between" and ποταμός "river", referring to the basins of the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers and the area in between. Comparably, the Arabic term is ما بين النهرين Ma Bayn Al Nahrain "between the two rivers". The geographical area watered by these two rivers is often referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization", since it was here that the first literate societies developed in the late 4th millennium BC, using a highly sophisticated writing system in the context of the emergence of the first cities and complex state bureaucracies.
The regional toponym Mesopotamia was coined in the Hellenistic period without any definite boundaries, to refer to a broad geographical area and probably used by the Seleucids. The area became a short-lived province of the Roman Empire at the time of Trajan, with the name Provincia Mesopotamia. Scholars have suggested that the Akkadian term biritum/birit narim corresponded to a similar geographical concept and coined at the time of the Aramaicization of the region.[1] It is however widely accepted that early Mesopotamian societies simply referred to the entire alluvium as kalam in Sumerian (lit. "land"). More recently terms like "Greater Mesopotamia" or "Syro-Mesopotamia" have been adopted to refer to wider geographies corresponding to the Near East or Middle East. The later euphemisms are Eurocentric terms attributed to the region in the midst of various 19th century Western encroachments.


Vase with overlapping pattern and three bands of palm trees, Early Dynastic II–III, Intercultural; 2700-2350 BC
Arabian peninsula, Gulf region, or southern Iran




Two Panels with striding lions, Neo-Babylonian, Nebuchadnezzar II; 604–562 B.C.
Mesopotamia, Babylon (modern Hilah)




Molded plaque with a king or a god carrying a mace, Isin-Larsa or Old Babylonian; 2000–1700 B.C.




Headdress, necklace, and hair ribbons, Early Dynastic IIIa; 2600–2500 B.C.




Lunate earrings, Early Dynastic IIIa; 2600–2500 B.C.
Mesopotamia, Ur (modern Tell al-Muqayyar)




Necklaces, earrings, beads, and pin, Early Dynastic IIIa; 2600–2500 B.C.
Mesopotamia, Ur (modern Tell al-Muqayyar)




Necklaces, earrings, beads, and pin, Early Dynastic IIIa; 2600–2500 B.C.
Mesopotamia, Ur (modern Tell al-Muqayyar)




Plate with king hunting rams, Sasanian period; A.D. 5th–6th century
Iran




Standing male worshiper, Early Dynastic i–II; 2750–2600 B.C.
Mesopotamia, Eshnunna




Necklace pendants and beads, Old Babylonian, late; 17th–16th century B.C.
Mesopotamia, Babylon




Head of a ruler, Akkadian (?), Early Bronze Age; 2300–2000 B.C.




Figure of a bull, Iron Age, Sabaean Kingdom; 1st millennium B.C., middle
Arabian peninsula, southwestern region




Beaker with birds and animals, Iron Age, Thraco-Getian (?); 4th century B.C.
Bulgaria or Romania, Thrace, Danube region




Foundation peg in the shape of the forepart of a lion, Akkadian, Tish-atal of Urkish; 2200–2100 B.C.
Syria, probably Tell Mozan (ancient Urkish)